If your cat hacks up the occasional hairball, you’re not alone. Hairballs are a common issue for cats, especially those with longer coats. While these moments might seem normal (and even expected), frequent or severe hairballs can signal a deeper issue. VO Vets can help you better understand what a cat hairball is, why it happens, and when veterinary care might be necessary so you can ensure your cat’s comfort and health. In this blog, we’ll explain everything cat owners need to know about cat hairballs, including what causes them, how to spot concerning symptoms, and when to call VO Vets in Fort Worth or Trophy Club, TX, for a professional evaluation.
What Is a Cat Hairball?
Hairballs, or trichobezoars, form when your cat grooms themselves and swallows loose fur. Most of the hair passes through the digestive system without a problem, but some of it can clump together in the stomach. Over time, these clumps can become too large to pass normally and are regurgitated as cylindrical, often slimy clumps of fur known as cat hairballs. While it’s normal for cats to groom daily, excessive grooming or digestive issues can lead to more frequent hairball formation. Cats of all ages can experience hairballs, but long-haired breeds and older cats tend to be more prone. Occasional hairballs aren’t usually a cause for concern, but consistent issues may indicate an underlying problem.
Why Do Cat Hairballs Happen?
There are several contributing factors behind cat hairball formation. It typically starts with a cat’s natural grooming habits but can be influenced by health, environment, and coat type.
Grooming Behavior
Cats are meticulous groomers. Their tongues are covered in tiny barbs that catch loose fur and debris. As they lick their coat, loose hair is swallowed. If too much fur is ingested, it may accumulate in the stomach instead of passing through the intestines.
Coat Length and Shedding
Long-haired cats, like Persians or Maine Coons, are more likely to develop cat hairballs simply because they have more hair. Seasonal shedding can also increase the amount of hair a cat ingests, especially in spring and fall.
Digestive Function
In a healthy digestive system, swallowed fur usually passes without issue. But if your cat has a digestive disorder or motility issue, hair may linger in the stomach longer than it should, leading to hairball formation.
Overgrooming
Stress, anxiety, skin irritation, or boredom can cause cats to groom excessively. Overgrooming results in more hair being swallowed, which increases the likelihood of cat hairballs forming.
Signs and Symptoms of a Cat Hairball
Most pet owners are familiar with the retching sound that usually precedes a hairball. However, some symptoms might not be so obvious. Understanding what’s typical and what’s not can help you decide when your cat needs veterinary attention.
Common Signs of Hairballs
- Hacking, gagging, or retching followed by vomiting a hairball
- Occasional vomiting of a hairball once every week or two
- Decreased appetite before expelling a hairball
- Mild coughing associated with hairball movement
When Hairballs Might Be a Concern
If your cat shows ongoing signs of distress or digestive discomfort without producing a hairball, it could be a sign that the hairball is causing a blockage or that another issue is present. Keep an eye out for:
- Repeated gagging with no hairball produced
- Loss of appetite lasting more than a day
- Constipation or signs of straining in the litter box
- Lethargy or behavioral changes
- Unusual drooling or abdominal discomfort
Any of these symptoms warrant a call to VO Vets for further evaluation.
How Vets Diagnose Cat Hairball Issues
A single hairball every now and then may not require veterinary care, but if you’re noticing a pattern or accompanying symptoms, it’s time to schedule a visit. Vets use a combination of physical exams, health history, and diagnostic imaging to identify the cause and rule out other problems.
Health History and Exam
Your vet will ask about your cat’s diet, grooming habits, hairball frequency, and any recent changes in behavior. A hands-on exam helps evaluate general health and rule out potential concerns like intestinal obstructions or inflammation.
Diagnostic Testing
If a blockage is suspected, your veterinarian may recommend X-rays or an ultrasound. In some cases, bloodwork may also be used to check organ function and rule out underlying illness contributing to abnormal grooming or digestion.
How to Help Reduce Cat Hairballs
While you can’t prevent cat hairballs entirely, there are steps you can take at home to reduce their frequency and make life more comfortable for your cat. If you’re unsure where to start, VO Vets is always here to guide you.
Regular Grooming
Brushing your cat daily helps remove loose fur before it’s swallowed. This is especially important for long-haired cats or during periods of heavy shedding.
Hydration Support
Adequate hydration can support smoother digestion. Make sure your cat has access to fresh water at all times. You can also consider a cat water fountain to encourage more frequent drinking.
Enrichment and Stress Reduction
Mental stimulation and a predictable environment can reduce stress-based grooming. Introduce puzzle toys, playtime, and vertical climbing spaces to help your cat stay active and engaged.
Dietary Adjustments
Some diets are formulated to support hairball control with added fiber to aid digestion and help move hair through the GI tract. Speak with your veterinarian about whether a hairball-control diet might benefit your cat.
When a Cat Hairball Becomes an Emergency
Although rare, some cat hairballs can become life-threatening if they lead to a full blockage or are mistaken for a more serious condition. Knowing what to watch for can help prevent delays in care.
Signs of an Emergency
- Persistent vomiting with no hairball
- Refusing food or water for more than 24 hours
- Lethargy or hiding behavior
- Straining to defecate or no bowel movements
- Swollen or painful abdomen
If you notice any of these signs, contact VO Vets in Fort Worth or Trophy Club immediately. Prompt treatment can prevent complications and keep your cat on the path to recovery.
Trust Your Instincts and Stay Informed
Cats are good at hiding discomfort, so even subtle changes in behavior or grooming habits may signal that something is off. If your cat has frequent hairballs, struggles to pass them, or shows signs of digestive upset, it’s worth discussing with your veterinarian. The team at VO Vets offers personalized support and advanced diagnostic tools to address cat hairball concerns and keep your feline feeling their best. Call one of our locations or book your cat’s appointment online today because even small symptoms deserve professional attention.
